Energy services are essential for sustainable development. The way in which these services including lighting, cooking, heating and cooling, water pumping, refrigeration, transportation and communication are produced, distributed and used affects the social, economic and environmental dimensions of any development achieved. According to the World Resources Institute (2020), energy-related activities accounted for around 73 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2016 due to emissions from burning fossil fuels in the electricity sector, heating and cooling; transport and manufacturing.